“Logan: Black Women” Instruction Manual

Logan begins by defining revolutionary African-American women of the 19th century. Providing names and accomplishments of many female activists, Logan timelines the hard work the members of the movement put into the cause, and details how successful they were. Regardless of the heart-warming successes she notes, her demonstration of footsteps in the right direction is blindsided by their continued discrimination regardless of successes in the past. Proclaimed by African-American women everywhere, “This is indeed the women’s era, and we are coming” (Logan 1). This evidence of emotional turmoil that these women were forced to endure strikes the heart strings of Logan’s audience.

Logan then decided to break up the context of this revolution by dividing the overlapping issues into four categories: the abolition of slavery, women’s rights, mob violence, and racial uplift. In each section, Logan talks about what motivated the women’s discourse and why. She provides personal stories of these women to paint a reflective picture of their trauma and add to her sustained technique of pathos-style persuasion. Addressing the large amount of issues that these women addressed gives the audience a small peak into the limitless amount of effort put into the movement worldwide, thus, enlarging the issue from a single category to an internationally spread wound.

She ends the chapter by referencing the rhetorical activities of “numerous other nineteenth-century black women speakers who have not been mentioned here” (Logan 24). These women stood up to evil and cruelty with no sign of fear or recollection of consequence. Logan discusses how her timeline in this chapter seeks to document the undocumented accomplishments of all these women who do not have the honor of being recognized for there virtue. She ends the chapter with a culminating quote “Throughout the nineteenth-century, ordinary black women—unknown and well known—spoke simply to make the world better” (Logan 24).

In regards to my own organization of rhetorical discourse, I would take a similar approach to my oratory as Logan did in her book. Logan is aware of the value of emotion. She sees how any given person’s heart strings are the fastest track to getting them to be persuaded, so her arguments are structured around a heavy use of pathos-style writing. She provides evidence for these arguments with facts and explanations of credibility, of course, but she centers her rhetorical organization around the personification of her characters. Creating this structure for rhetoric allows for ample persuasion and optimized efficiency in order to persuade through discourse.

Begin with a stab to the heart to draw your audience in. Make your passion apparent while providing background on the topic. State evidence for your argument while focusing on the expression throughout your performance. Finish by providing a solution that your audience can voluntarily partake in, then let loose on the heart strings and restate your purpose for discussion.  

Fredrick Douglass vs Sojourner Truth: Research Essay

Frederick Douglass and Sojourner Truth are both famous abolitionist rhetoricians who greatly influenced the change of heart Americans had regarding their views of slavery. Their inspiration has contributed to the mobilization of white Americans taking action to abolish slavery for good, an argument that was not necessarily “welcomed” during that time period. Nonetheless, their use of rhetorical techniques proved to be successful.

Both rhetoricians have passionate, strong voices, but the two differ in their slightly in their motives for writing. Douglass used his hard-to-swallow past as a slave to give his audiences a first-hand perspective of hardships he, and many others faced. These extreme childhood experiences serve as a platform to accentuate his arguments and make his voice even louder. We see this as he describes his standpoint regarding voting rights, “I insisted that there was no safety for him or for anybody else in America outside the American government; that to guard, protect, and maintain his liberty the freedman should have the ballot…that without these no class of people could live and flourish in this country” (Douglass 1084). Douglass’ use of powerful vocabulary, strong sentence structure, and very apparent level of high education makes him to be a credible, persuasive source that had the potential to influence the entire American state as they knew it.

Sojourner Truth, had a very similar approach to her rhetoric in that she spoke very passionately about her life and how she had been treated as a black American. However, she focused her arguments towards the fight for women’s rights as well as the overall abolition of slavery in a much less “eloquent” way. Sojourner used rhetorical questions and blunt points to make impact. Douglass used his speeches to inform and persuade the audience, whereas Truth used her speeches to make the audience feel uncomfortable, as if each person in the crowd needed to get up at that moment and take actions against her struggles, “Aren’t I a woman?…If the first woman God ever made was strong enough to turn the world upside down, all alone, these together ought to be able to turn it back and get it right side up again; and now they are asking to do it, the men better let them” (Truth 145). Evidently far less formal of a speech, Truth’s blunt force was nonetheless just as impactful as Douglass’ well-thought out, eloquently spoken messages.