3. I can find only a few examples of Malcolm X’s literacy sponsors: Public school up through 8th grade, whatever company that made the dictionary that Malcolm transcribed, and most importantly Norfolk Prison Colony. The most influential sponsor was Norfolk Prison Colony, and its motive was to make a functional member of society out of a delinquent by providing the means to become educated.

4. Malcolm X did subvert the intentions of his sponsors, by creating a movement that challenged many of the members of his sponsor (Norfolk Prison Colony, and the government itself). They wanted to provide the means for him to become educated so that he might fit in to society better, but instead he became a social revolutionary.