Patrick Keller
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Female Circumcision
What is it
There are many different types of female circumcision all around the world some are solely for ceremonial purposes, some are for spiritual purposes and some are for cosmetic purposes. There are also degree of severity in female circumcision type. Type 1 is the least severe, type 2 more severe, and type 3 being the most sever and frankly just wrong.
Type1
Type 1 Circumcision or “Sunna Circumcision” is the mildest type of circumcision. It is practiced all across Africa and the Middle East and is considered a right of passage and a religious necessity taught by Muhammad in Islam. The actual procedure includes removal of the prepuce and some or all of the clitoris.
type 2
Type 2 circumcision is a less severe version of Infibulation that was created when type 3 circumcisions were outlawed by the British. It was invented by Sudanese midwives in 1946. The operation includes partial or entire removal of the clitoris and the removal of the labia minora. This type of circumcision is practiced widely in Sub Saharan Africa.
type 3
Type 3 is the most severe form of female circumcision. Also known as Infibulation or Pharaonic circumcision this procedure removes the clitoris completely as well as the labia minora. The labia majora is then sewn together and only small openings are kept open for menstrual fluid and urine. It is practiced in Somalia, Sudan, the southern part of Egypt and some regions of Western Africa. This type of circumcision causes loss of sexual pleasure in women as well as severe mental problems.
type 4 pericings + cerimonial
Type 4 is considered an alternative to actual circumcision and includes piercings or doing a small ceremonial cut of the vagina.
elimination and problems
Circumcision is very hard to eliminate for a few reasons the first reason is because it is a tradition and those are typically hard to get rid of especially when that country is very poorly educated. Even if people are educated Circumcision is often a religious practice which makes it all but impossible to get rid of in that religions area of influence. Even if this practice is made illegal we will never get rid of it as we live in reality and in reality when you make something illegal it will just continue in a black market.